Abstract

Antimicrobial effect of citrus aurantifolia juice and veronica amygdalina on common bacteria isolates

Author(s): Ojiezeh, T. I, Nwachukwu, S. E and Udoh, S. J

The antimicrobial activities of bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) extract and lime (Citrus aurantifolia) juice were compared in this study. A total of forty-five pure culture isolates, comprising of five organisms each of E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, α-haemolytic streptococcus, β-haemolytic streptococcus, Klebsiella spp, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella typhi and Shegella dysentariae were used for the investigation. The extract of bitter leaf and lime juice were prepared and serial dilutions of the extracts were impregnated into filter paper discs and allowed to dry in an oven at 450C before use, in an agar diffusion method for the test. The results showed that five organisms (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, Klebseilla spp. and Proteus mirabilis) were susceptible to the crude extract of bitter leaf and lime juice, with a mean zone diameter of inhibition range from 18mm to 25mm. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus were found to be more sensitive in-vitro to the bitter leaf extract than lime juice extract. The degree of zone of inhibition however differs, but bitter leaf extract exhibited higher inhibitory zone for many of the isolates than lime juice. The conclusion of this study, therefore, is that bitter leaf and lime juice extract are potential antimicrobial agents

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